Super quick-start, based on another getting started with puppet guide:

Install Ubuntu 10.04 LTS server on two servers.
[server1] sudo apt-get install puppetmaster
[server2] sudo apt-get install puppet
[server2] sudo vi /etc/puppet/puppet.conf
add this line:
server=<fqdn of [server2]>
[server2] sudo puppetd --test
[server1] sudo puppetca --list
[server1] sudo puppetca --sign <fqdn of [server2]>
[server2] sudo puppetd --no-daemonize --verbose
or
[server2] sudo /etc/init.d/puppet start

If server1 is named “puppet”, the config change shouldn’t be necessary.